Fragmentation of a 2cm-sized stone in the Rt kidney upper calyx and a 2.5cm-sized renal pelvis stone by a 15Fr miniaturized nephroscope and a flexible cystoscope.

Initial percutaneous puncture is being performed through the midpole calyx. There was a renal cyst. Can you guess what happens now?

Second percutaneous puncture is being performed for removal of a large stone in the upper pole.

The renal cyst was ruptured and the contrast dye is spreading into the retroperitoneum..... T.T

Anyway, it doesn't matter for complete removal of large renal stones using a single percutaneous tract by a flexible cystoscope, a 365 micrometer laser fiber, and a single 18Fr sheath through the midpole calyx (C-arm view)